Complications, Not Minimally Invasive Surgical Technique, Are Associated with Increased Cost after Esophagectomy

Table 3

Multivariate regression analysis.

Variable	All cases		Cases without complications		Cases with complications
	Coefficient	value	Coefficient	value	Coefficient	value
Complications	$17,385	<0.001
Age (y)	$695	0.001	$240	0.196	$804	0.025
HTN	−$21,226	0.000	−$1,438	0.770	−$33,324	0.001
CAD	$16,189	0.006	−$5,831	0.502	$22,838	0.008
Preop ChemoXRT	−$5,173	0.252	$6,317	0.186	−$10,660	0.119
COPD	−$7,118	0.341	$5,156	0.555	−$17,171	0.152
CHF	$2,995	0.770	−$4,522	0.745	$6,547	0.680
Diabetes	−$630	0.910	$9,901	0.142	−$216	0.980
Zubrod symptomatic	$90	0.984	$4,887	0.270	$2,197	0.777
ASA class
II	1		1		1
III	$13,691	0.076	$7,406	0.246	$28,676	0.053
IV	$47,180	<0.001	n/a		$60,294	0.003
Procedure
THE	1		1		1
Open	$8,332	0.308	$2,304	0.746	$13,865	0.319
Hybrid	−$2,581	0.698	−$6,988	0.259	$13,858	0.907
MIE	$9,127	0.216	$6,457	0.353	$1,375	0.909
Constant	−$17,170	0.275	$2,845	0.838	−$11,753	0.655
Observations	80		38		42
R-squared	.5546		.4349		.6713

THE: transhiatal esophagectomy. MIE: minimally invasive esophagectomy. HTN: hypertension. CAD: coronary artery disease. CTS: cardiothoracic surgery. XRT: radiotherapy. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CHF: congestive heart failure. ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologist.