A Practical Framework for Energy-Efficient Node Activation in Heterogeneous LTE Networks

<div>Power consumed in <svg height="12.5794pt" id="M211" style="vertical-align:-3.29107pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 11.714 12.5794" width="11.714pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M499 88L487 113C459 86 422 65 413 65C403 65 403 74 409 98L461 318C487 426 460 448 431 448C408 448 383 441 352 424C305 398 223 344 157 257H155L243 674C249 702 249 712 240 712C227 712 170 680 87 673L82 648H117C155 648 162 644 150 590L23 -4L30 -12C55 -4 81 3 105 8C113 53 131 150 143 187C199 281 323 387 372 387C390 387 393 369 380 311L328 86C313 19 319 -12 347 -12C379 -12 442 24 499 88Z" id="g113-105"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="516" vert-adv-y="516"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.643,3.132)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z" id="g50-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g></svg> for the<i> synthetic</i> scenario. <svg height="11.439pt" id="M212" style="vertical-align:-2.15067pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 26.1144 11.439" width="26.1144pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z" id="g117-33"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="587" vert-adv-y="587"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.263,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z" id="g113-9"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="263" vert-adv-y="263"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,18.314,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z" id="g117-33"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="587" vert-adv-y="587"></glyph.data></g></svg>:<i> all</i> micros off; <svg height="11.439pt" id="M213" style="vertical-align:-2.15067pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 31.3861 11.439" width="31.3861pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M766 88L752 113C719 83 690 64 681 64C674 64 672 74 679 103L724 292C758 436 724 448 701 448C680 448 666 442 639 429C594 407 514 350 441 252H439L447 289C476 423 450 448 419 448C398 448 379 441 355 427C307 400 234 344 162 249H160L180 324C203 409 197 448 170 448C144 448 82 413 23 349L35 321C57 343 96 374 108 374C115 374 117 371 111 341C87 227 57 112 24 -6L32 -12C53 -4 81 4 108 6C119 68 134 128 149 171C177 229 309 383 364 383C387 383 388 355 373 282C354 190 330 92 303 -6L309 -12C332 -4 356 3 386 6C396 63 411 122 424 171C458 236 590 383 642 383C658 383 664 369 652 315L603 91C587 20 593 -12 619 -12C642 -12 708 23 766 88Z" id="g113-110"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="789" vert-adv-y="789"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,13.889,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z" id="g113-9"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="263" vert-adv-y="263"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.94,0)"><path d="M766 88L752 113C719 83 690 64 681 64C674 64 672 74 679 103L724 292C758 436 724 448 701 448C680 448 666 442 639 429C594 407 514 350 441 252H439L447 289C476 423 450 448 419 448C398 448 379 441 355 427C307 400 234 344 162 249H160L180 324C203 409 197 448 170 448C144 448 82 413 23 349L35 321C57 343 96 374 108 374C115 374 117 371 111 341C87 227 57 112 24 -6L32 -12C53 -4 81 4 108 6C119 68 134 128 149 171C177 229 309 383 364 383C387 383 388 355 373 282C354 190 330 92 303 -6L309 -12C332 -4 356 3 386 6C396 63 411 122 424 171C458 236 590 383 642 383C658 383 664 369 652 315L603 91C587 20 593 -12 619 -12C642 -12 708 23 766 88Z" id="g113-110"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="789" vert-adv-y="789"></glyph.data></g></svg>: all micros on; and <svg height="11.439pt" id="M214" style="vertical-align:-2.15067pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 28.7502 11.439" width="28.7502pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z" id="g117-33"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="587" vert-adv-y="587"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.263,0)"><path d="M162 -163V703H101V-163H162Z" id="g113-9"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="263" vert-adv-y="263"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,18.314,0)"><path d="M766 88L752 113C719 83 690 64 681 64C674 64 672 74 679 103L724 292C758 436 724 448 701 448C680 448 666 442 639 429C594 407 514 350 441 252H439L447 289C476 423 450 448 419 448C398 448 379 441 355 427C307 400 234 344 162 249H160L180 324C203 409 197 448 170 448C144 448 82 413 23 349L35 321C57 343 96 374 108 374C115 374 117 371 111 341C87 227 57 112 24 -6L32 -12C53 -4 81 4 108 6C119 68 134 128 149 171C177 229 309 383 364 383C387 383 388 355 373 282C354 190 330 92 303 -6L309 -12C332 -4 356 3 386 6C396 63 411 122 424 171C458 236 590 383 642 383C658 383 664 369 652 315L603 91C587 20 593 -12 619 -12C642 -12 708 23 766 88Z" id="g113-110"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="789" vert-adv-y="789"></glyph.data></g></svg>:<i> all</i> micros on<i> except</i> in hexagon 0.</div>

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fig14

Figure 14

Figure 14: A Practical Framework for Energy-Efficient Node Activation in Heterogeneous LTE Networks 