Research Article
A Crowd-Based Intelligence Approach for Measurable Security, Privacy, and Dependability in Internet of Automated Vehicles with Vehicular Fog
Table 2
Vehicular ramming attacks in Europe.
| Country | Year | Number of fatalities | Reasons of the attack |
| Lyon, France | 2002 | 0 (the building was empty) | Attacks on Jewish targets | Scotland, Glasgow | 2007 | 1 death and 5 nonfatal injuries | Islamism-inspired ramming attack | Netherlands | 2009 | 8 deaths and 10 nonfatal injuries | Vehicular attack | London, UK | 2013 | 1 death and 2 nonfatal injuries | Islamic terrorism attack | Dijon, France | 2014 | 0 death and 11, nonfatal injuries | Islamism-inspired ramming attack | Nantes, France | 2014 | 1 death and 10 nonfatal injuries | Suspected mental unbalance | Isere, France | 2015 | 1 death and 2 nonfatal injuries | Vehicle ramming terrorism | Graz, Austria | 2015 | 3 deaths and 36 nonfatal injuries | Vehicular attack terrorism | Nice, France | 2016 | 87 deaths and 434 nonfatal injuries | Vehicular attack and shooting | Berlin, Germany | 2016 | 12 deaths and 56 nonfatal injuries | Islamism-inspired ramming attack | Westminster, UK | 2017 | 5 deaths and 50 nonfatal injuries | Islamic terrorism attack | Antwerp, Belgium | 2017 | 0 death and 0 nonfatal injuries | Terrorism attack | Stockholm, Sweden | 2017 | 4 deaths | Terrorism attack |
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