Application of Deep Learning in Integrated Pest Management: A Real-Time System for Detection and Diagnosis of Oilseed Rape Pests

<div>Examples of test images for failure detection. The model cannot perform well when detecting these types of objects, reflecting the shortcomings of the model. (a) <i>Psylliodes punctifrons</i>. (b) <i>Plutella xylostell</i>. (c) <i>Psylliodes punctifrons</i> and <i>Plutella xylostell</i>. (d) <i>Lipaphis erysimi</i>.</div>

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Figure 11

Figure 11: Application of Deep Learning in Integrated Pest Management: A Real-Time System for Detection and Diagnosis of Oilseed Rape Pests 