Identification System Based on Resolution Adjusted 2D Spectrogram of Driver’s ECG for Intelligent Vehicle

Table 1

Biometrics system according to ECG acquisition in vehicles.

Electrode position	Acquisition signal, position	Feature analysis	Classification	Ref.
Seat belt	ECG, chest	Morphological feature	Stress recognition	[21]
Seat belt	ECG, chest	HRV	Stress level recognition	[22]
Seat belt	ECG, chest	R-R interval	Fatigue recognition	[23]
Seat belt	ECG/EEG, chest/head	Multidimensional feature	Fatigue recognition	[24]
Seat belt	ECG/chest	R-R interval	Cognitive distraction recognition	[25, 26]
Seat belt	ECG/chest	Multidimensional feature	Heart condition recognition	[27]
Seat belt	ECG/chest	—	Emotion recognition	[28]
Steering wheel	ECG/wrist	—	Identification	[29]
Steering wheel	ECG/wrist	Fiducial feature	Identification	[30]