|
| Theory/model | Description | Key constructs and definitions |
|
| Theory of reasoned action (TRA) [85] | Has its origin in social psychology and stipulates three constructs: behavioral intention, attitudes, and subjective norm. It stipulates that the behavioral intention of individuals is based on their attitudes and subjective norms. | Attitudes: the total belief concerning a behavior weighted by the evaluations of these beliefs. Perception about whether most people approve or disapprove of one’s behavior. Behavioral intention: the nature of attitudes towards behavior and subjective norms towards behavior that affects a person. |
| Theory of planned behavior (TPB) [86] | This theory was developed from the theory of action. It adds the new construct of perceived behavioral control (PB) to the variables in the TRA. | Perceived behavioral control: individual understanding of the ease or difficulty of performing a course of action which is based on the self-efficacy of the action (how well the course of action will be executed). |
| Technical acceptance model (TAM) [77] | This theory states that behavioral adoption of technology is dependent on two key constructs: perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use which were based on Bandura’s self-efficacy theory. | Perceived usefulness: the extent to which people understand that using a system leads to better job performance. Perceived ease of use: the conception that using a technological system will be free of effort. |
| The model of PC utilization [75] | This model is grounded on the theory of human behavior and it differs from the theory of reason action due to the unique distinction between cognitive and affective elements of attitudes. It explains that behavior is influenced by what people do (attitudes), what they think they should do (social norms), what they do often (habits), and the anticipated results of their action/behavior. | Job fit: the belief that using a system will improve his or her job performance. Complexity: the extent to which technology is considered comparatively hard to operate and use. Long-term consequence: results of a course of action that is beneficial in the future. Affective towards use: the feeling of joy, pleasure, depression, disgust, or hate when it comes to an individual act. Social factors: internalization of the reference group’s subjective culture and interpersonal agreement made with others within social settings. Facilitating conditions: availability of the needed/suitable conditions that enhance system utilization. |
| Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology [83] | This theory is considered as the consolidation of earlier eight theories such as TRA, TAM, MM, TPB, DOI, SCT, and PC utilization model. The purpose was to provide a comprehensive model/theory that is applicable in a diverse range of applications. | Performance expectancy: this is the extent to which people understand that using system applications can empower them to attain better job outcomes. Effort expectancy: it refers to how a system is termed as easy to use. This is the consideration of users that important people require them to use a specific technology. Facilitating conditions: the user’s perception that there exists organizational and technical infrastructure to encourage technology use. |
|
