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Ref no. | Technique used | Parameter covered | Goal | Simulating environment | Limitations |
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[22] | ISCOLA-LSTM | Energy consumption | Energy efficiency | Python 3.6 | More energy consumption in iterative manner |
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[1] | DRL and DQN | Energy consumption, utility, delay, and rewards | Offloading scheme | Cloudsim 3.0.3 | No memory to store previous values |
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[23] | Cuckoo optimization | SLAV, SLATAH, and PDM | Load balancing and energy management | Cloudsim 3.0.3 | Cannot handle discrete/multiobjective problems |
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[24] | Multiobjective optimization and VM migration | Power consumption, SLAV, watts per core, NPA, and DVFS | Energy efficiency and resource allocation | Cloudsim 3.0.3 | Less parameters are considered |
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[4] | Energy efficiency and temporal load-aware resource allocation | Power consumption models (linear, nonlinear, multistate, DVFS) and VM migration | Energy efficiency | OpenStack | Not performing well for EE in high load |
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[25] | LSTM, RNN, WORN-DEAR, SVM, KNN, and L-NO-DEAF | Accuracy, residual energy, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, and throughput | Energy efficiency and scheduling in body-fog-cloud | Contiki-OS-cooja simulator and IBM watson/thingSpeak | Outperformed in real-time requirement |
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[26] | KMGA strategy, meta-heuristic, adaptive link rate, virtual network embedding, sleep mode, and green routing | Energy-QoS, make-span, energy consumption, VM migration, and overall SLA | Energy efficiency and resource management | CloudSim 3.0.3 | More VM migration with more make span |
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[27] | EA-VM consolidation, server under load detection, VM selection/placement, maximum fit | QoS, energy consumption, live migration, SLA violation, and server load | VM consolidation and energy consumption | CloudSim 3.0.3 | Load balancing with high VM migration |
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[28] | Deadline partition strategy, energy and cost model, and task and resource selection | DVFS, execution time, computation cost, SLA violation, execution time, and energy consumption | Energy-aware scheduling, and workflow scheduling | CloudSim 3.0.3 | Performance decreases/more energy consumption in more VM migration |
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