Higher-Order Solutions of Coupled Systems Using the Parameter Expansion Method

Figure 8

Comparison of the first- and second-order analytical approximate solutions with the exact solution for 𝑚=2.0, 𝑘₁=1.0, 𝑘₂=3.0, 𝑘₃=5.0 with 𝑥(0)=8.0 and 𝑦(0)=10.0 (Case  2).

(a) (𝑥-𝑡) diagram

(b) (𝑦-𝑡) diagram