Research Article

Simultaneous Piezoelectric Actuator and Sensor Placement Optimization and Control Design of Manipulators with Flexible Links Using SDRE Method

Table 3

Beam and piezoelectric properties (Example 6.2).

BeamActuatorsSensors

Young’s modulus (GPa)65 × 10964 × 1092 × 109
Mass density (kg m−3)289077001780
Stress constant 𝑑 3 1 (m V−1)−32 × 10−11
Strain constant 𝑔 3 1 (Vm N−1)216 × 10−3
Thickness (m)1 × 10−3 → 0.6 × 10−3815 × 10−628 × 10−6
Width (m)25 × 10−325 × 10−325 × 10−3
Length (m)0.7