Dynamical System Analysis of Thermal Convection in a Horizontal Layer of Nanofluids Heated from Below

Figure 3

Bifurcation diagrams of 𝑍 versus 𝑅 representing maxima and minima of the posttransient solution of 𝑍(𝑡) with Pr=10 and 𝜆=8/3 for Vadasz case and Ag case with 𝜙=0.05.

(a)

(b)