Rough Set Theory Based Fuzzy TOPSIS on Serious Game Design Evaluation Framework

Table 4

The final evaluation and ranking of alternative.

Criteria	Sub-criteria	Game 1	Game 2	Game 3	Game 4
Meaningful learning (C3)	Active (C31)	0.070	0.057	0.067	0.051
	Authentic (C32)	0.018	0.015	0.017	0.013
	Constructive (C33)	0.162	0.133	0.154	0.131
	Personalized (C35)	0.027	0.022	0.026	0.020
ARCS motivation (C1)	Attention (C11)	0.160	0.131	0.152	0.120
	Relevance (C12)	0.112	0.092	0.106	0.082
	Confidence (C13)	0.051	0.042	0.048	0.032
	Satisfaction (C14)	0.033	0.027	0.031	0.028
Cognitive load (C4)	Difficulty rating (C42)	0.035	0.057	0.045	0.067
Flow (C2)	Clear goals (C21)	0.048	0.039	0.046	0.041
	Skills (C22)	0.032	0.026	0.030	0.028
	Challenge (C23)	0.033	0.027	0.031	0.025
	Playfulness (C24)	0.046	0.045	0.044	0.036
	Attractiveness (C26)	0.030	0.032	0.030	0.023
	Ease of use (C27)	0.040	0.041	0.038	0.031
TOPSIS ranking calculation	𝐷^∗+	0.152	0.147	0.146	0.145
	𝐷^∗−	0.106	0.068	0.096	0.063
	𝐶^∗	0.320	0.189	0.298	0.183
	Ranking	1	3	2	4