Research Article

Numerical Solution of Nonlinear Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations Using Spectral Homotopy Analysis Method

Table 3

Numerical result of Example 2 against the HAM and the SHAM solutions with .

SHAM HAM Numerical
5th order 6th order 7th order 3rd order 4th order

−0.97191 −0.0881460 −0.0881460 −0.0881460 −0.05395836 −0.05794467 −0.0881460
−0.97778 −0.06974902 −0.06974902 −0.06974902 −0.04280765 −0.04597139 −0.06974902
−0.98297 −0.05346609 −0.05346609 −0.05346609 −0.03289259 −0.03532441 −0.05346607
−0.98748 −0.03931951 −0.03931951 −0.03931951 −0.02424140 −0.02603420 −0.03931950
−0.99130 −0.02732631 −0.02732631 −0.02732631 −0.01687877 −0.01812740 −0.02732630
−0.99443 0.01749926 0.01749926 0.01749926 −0.00609972 −0.01162680 −0.01749926
−0.99687 −0.00984768 −0.00984768 −0.00984768 −0.00609972 −0.01162680 −0.00984768
−0.99861 −0.00437807 −0.00437807 −0.00437807 −0.00271424 −0.00655115 −0.00437807
−0.99965 −0.00109471 0.00109471 −0.00109471 −0.00067905 −0.00072931 −0.00109471
−1.00000 0 0 0 0 0 0