A GIS-Enabled Approach for Assessing Damage Potential of Levee Systems Based on Underlying Geology and River Morphology

Table 13

Parameters from the ordinary kriging semivariograms of identified soil layers in the study areas.

Location	Depth	Material	Parameter	Unit	Correlation range (m)	Nugget^a	Partial sill^a
Sacramento City	Shallow	Clay	𝑆𝑢	kPa	819	19.5	1730
	Shallow	Sand	ϕ	Degrees	400	0.3	3
	Deep	Clay	𝑆𝑢	kPa	—^b
	Deep	Sand	ϕ	Degrees	177 ^c	1	17
Feather River	Shallow	Clay	𝑆𝑢	kPa	—^b
	Shallow	Sand	ϕ	Degrees	407	1	11
	Deep	Clay	𝑆𝑢	kPa	—^b

aUnits of these elements is the “square of the corresponding parameter unit”.
^bNo kriging estimate could be done due to limited number of data points available for the 𝑆_𝑢 parameter of this layer.
^cThe low value of the range for the deep Sacramento River as compared to the other sand layers is due to limited number of data points at large distances for this particular layer.