Explicit Dynamic Finite Element Method for Predicting Implosion/Explosion Induced Failure of Shell Structures

Figure 9

Snapshots of numerical results of IMP25 experiment: (a) deformed configuration at time 𝑡=0.92 ms; cylinder collapses at mode 3, (b) deformed configuration at time 𝑡=1.08 ms; cracks initiated at the two ends, (c) the final deformed configuration, (d) local zoom view of the crack, and (e) view from the axial direction.

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