A P-Based Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows

Table 2

Comparison of PHEA with the best published results.

Problems	Best results		PHEA		GIDEON [29]		GenSAT [42]		RE (%)
	NV	TD	NV	TD	NV	TD	NV	TD
R101	18	1644	19	1650.80	20	1700	18	1644	0.4
R102	17	1434.00	17	1486.12	17	1549	17	1493	3.6
R103	13	1207.00	13	1207.00	13	1319	13	1207	0
R104	10	982.01	10	982.01	10	1090	10	1048	0
R105	14	1377.11	14	1377.11	15	1448	14	1442	0
R106	12	1251.98	12	1251.98	13	1363	12	1350	0
R107	10	1104.66	11	1091.75	11	1187	11	1146	−1.2
R108	9	960.88	9	973.96	10	1048	10	898	1.4
R109	11	1194.73	11	1183.04	12	1345	12	1226	−1.0
R110	11	1080.36	11	1080.36	11	1234	11	1105	0
R111	10	1096.72	10	1096.72	11	1238	10	1151	0
R112	9	982.14	10	953.63	10	1082	10	992	−2.9
C101	10	827.30	11	891.63	10	833	10	829	7.8
C102	10	827.30	10	995.53	10	832	10	829	20.3
C103	10	828.06	9	987.04	10	873	10	835	19.6
C104	10	824.78	9	970.57	10	904	10	835	17.7
C105	10	828.94	10	905.52	10	874	10	829	9.6
C106	10	827.30	10	908.87	10	902	10	829	9.9
C107	10	827.30	10	968.06	10	926	10	829	17.0
C108	10	827.30	10	840.56	10	928	10	829	1.4
C109	10	828.94	10	828.94	10	957	10	829	0
RC101	14	1696.94	15	1650.29	15	1767	14	1669	−2.7
RC102	12	1554.75	12	1554.75	14	1569	13	1557	0
RC103	11	1110	11	1261.67	11	1328	11	1110	13.7
RC104	10	1135.48	10	1135.48	11	1263	10	1226	0
RC105	13	1629.44	14	1602.34	14	1612	14	1602	−1.7
RC106	11	1424.73	12	1384.92	12	1608	13	1420	−2.8
RC107	11	1230.48	11	1230.48	12	1396	11	1264	0
RC108	10	1139.82	10	1139.82	11	1250	10	1281	0
R201	4	1252.37	4	1255.76	4	1478	4	1354	0.3
R202	3	1191.70	4	1169.02	4	1279	4	1176	−1.9
R203	3	939.5	3	939.5	3	1167	3	1126	0
R204	2	825.52	3	858.49	3	909	3	803	4.0
R205	3	994.42	3	994.42	3	1274	3	1128	0
R206	3	838	3	906.14	3	1098	3	838	8.1
R207	2	890.61	2	890.61	3	1015	3	904	0
R208	2	726.82	2	726.82	3	826	2	823	0
R209	3	909.16	3	909.16	3	1159	2	855	0
R210	3	939.37	3	939.37	3	1269	3	1052	0
R211	2	885.71	2	923.80	3	898	3	816	4.3
C201	3	591.56	3	591.56	3	753	3	591	0
C202	3	591.56	3	591.56	3	756	3	707	0
C203	3	591.17	3	591.17	3	855	3	791	0
C204	3	590.60	3	590.60	3	803	3	685	0
C205	3	588.88	3	588.88	3	667	3	589	0
C206	3	588.49	3	588.49	3	694	3	588	0
C207	3	588.29	3	588.29	3	730	3	588	0
C208	3	588.32	3	588.32	3	735	3	588	0
RC201	4	1294	4	1392.38	4	1823	4	1294	7.6
RC202	3	1365.65	4	1365.65	4	1459	4	1291	0
RC203	3	1049.62	3	1206.54	3	1323	3	1203	15.0
RC204	3	798.46	3	798.46	3	1021	3	897	0
RC205	4	1297.65	4	1297.65	4	1594	4	1389	0
RC206	3	1146.32	3	1146.32	3	1530	3	1213	0
RC207	3	1061.14	3	1061.14	3	1501	3	1181	0
RC208	3	828.14	3	848.10	3	1038	3	919	2.4