Optimal Control of Diesel Engines: Numerical Methods, Applications, and Experimental Validation
Figure 12
Control-input trajectories for the fuel- tradeoff depicted in the right-hand plot of Figure 11. The EGR valve is closed at 0%. The exhaust flap remains fully open for all cases and thus is not shown. Normalised signals are shown for reasons of confidentiality. A higher value of indicates an earlier injection.
