How to Choose “Last Mile” Delivery Modes for E-Fulfillment

Table 4

Time spent situation with double orders compared with standard scenario.

Items	Modes
	AHD	RB	CDPs
Total distance (km)	60.1	29.9	11.5
Number of orders	1488	1488	1488
Stopping times	30	30	5
Number of vehicles	14	3	1
𝑡^road (min)	120.2	29.9	11.5
𝑡^𝑠 (min)	60	60	20
𝑡^service (min)	7440	1488	297.6
Buffering time (min)	20	20	20
Total time (min)	7640.2	1597.9	349.1
Average time per order (min)	5.13	1.07	0.23