Hybrid Particle and Kalman Filtering for Pupil Tracking in Active IR Illumination Gaze Tracking System

Table 3

Comparison of pupil tracking results and positioning time.

Parameter	Kalman + mean shift		Particle filter		Particle + mean shift		Our method
Image classification	Normal	Wink	Normal	Wink	Normal	Wink	Normal	Wink
Image number	224	11	224	11	224	11	224	11
Accurate tracking number	218	2	199	6	169	7	219	8
Success rate (%)	97.32	18.18	88.84	54.55	75.44	63.63	97.77	72.73
The average success rate (%)	93.62		87.23		74.89		96.59
Positioning time (ms/frame)	38		51		49		46