A Plant Propagation Algorithm for Constrained Engineering Optimisation Problems

Table 3

Pressure vessel design optimisation.

Solution vector	IP(M-5) [7]	GA [14]	HSA [29]	HSA [30]	PHS [27]	IPHS [27]	PPA
𝑑1	1.125	1.125	1.125	1.125	1.125	1.125	0.7781
𝑑2	0.625	0.625	0.625	0.625	0.625	0.625	0.3846
𝑟	48.97	58.1978	58.2789	58.2901	58.2874	58.2901	40.3196
𝐿	106.72	44.2930	43.7549	43.6926	43.7075	43.6927	200.0
𝑔1(𝑥)	−0.1799	0.0017	−0.0002	0.0000	−5.2058𝐸−005	−3.3595𝐸−7	3.627𝐸−12
𝑔2(𝑥)	−0.1578	−0.0697	−0.0690	−0.0689	−0.0689	−0.0689	1.441𝐸−12
𝑔3(𝑥)	−97.760	−974.3	−3.7162	−2.0150	−0.6122	−0.0705	1.1641𝐸−9
𝑔4(𝑥)	−133.28	−195.707	−196.245	−196.307	−196.29	−196.307	−40.0
𝑓(𝑥)	7980.894	7207.494	7198.433	7197.730	7197.896	7197.730	5885.3327