Potential Field Cellular Automata Model for Pedestrian Evacuation in a Domain with a Ramp

Figure 3

Evacuation process simulated by the proposed model, at 𝑡=0, 10, 20, and 30 (color online). The initial density 𝜌₀=1 and the angle of ramp 𝜃=0. The open circles represent pedestrians.

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