A Novel Adaptive Elite-Based Particle Swarm Optimization Applied to VAR Optimization in Electric Power Systems

Table 2

Performance of different methods used to minimize 𝑓₁ based on 10 simulation results (number of iterations = 500).

		Proposed method	PSO	CPSO	DE	GA
Best 𝑓1	𝑓1	3.30𝑒−12	2.65𝑒−11	1.02𝑒−11	2.03𝑒−09	7.1996
	Time (s)	0.0616	0.0232	0.0271	0.6265	1.3834
Mean	𝑓1	1.41𝑒−10	1.70𝑒−09	4.09𝑒−07	1.22𝑒−08	18.4275
	Time (s)	0.0619	0.0240	0.0269	0.6209	1.3143
Worst 𝑓1	𝑓1	1.00𝑒−09	8.20𝑒−09	1.54𝑒−06	4.10𝑒−08	45.4336
	Time (s)	0.0620	0.0234	0.0262	0.6140	1.3328