Research Article

On the Identification of Coupled Pitch and Heave Motions Using Opposition-Based Particle Swarm Optimization

Table 7

Parameter identification of pitch and heave motions for level 5 sea condition, ship speed 18 kn and course angle 180°.

ParametersTheoretical valuesPSO-wOPSO
Identification valueRelative errorIdentification valueRelative error

−0.38% 0.37%
2.82% 2.97%
23.09% 4.74%
0.12% 0.66%
−0.89% 2.30%
−3.17% 1.70%
−2.38% 1.69%
16.37% 11.62%