Research Article

Asteroid Rendezvous Mission Design Using Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization

Table 9

Performance comparisons of MOPSO, NSGA-II, and SPEA-II.

Test problemAlgorithmEpsilonHybervolume
Mean stdMean std

Asteroid 1,
two-impulse
MOPSO-I0.035041 0.038848 0.8768490.026781
NSGA-II0.113438 0.0940490.8212050.080834
SPEA-II0.100881 0.032094 0.8113470.035008

Asteroid 2,
three-impulse
MOPSO-II0.159179 0.081796 0.8750230.078886
NSGA-II0.0594614 0.058546 0.8381980.301149
SPEA-II0.12172 0.055917 0.9027240.072393