Measurement of International Roughness Index by Using 𝑍-Axis Accelerometers and GPS

Table 1

Characteristics of common road roughness measurement methods.

Method of measurement	Principal of operation	Measurement; device	Advantage	Disadvantage
3-Meter Long Beam	Direct profile measurement	Aluminum beam	Simple, reliable data collection	Inefficient,; lower mechanization
Level	Direct profile measurement	Level and rod	Time-stable, straightforward	Time-consuming, inconvenient
Bump integrator	RTRRMS	LVDT, displayer, and a car/trailer	Simple, fast	Time-instable, affected by vehicle vibration, performs at the same speed
Laser road surface tester	Direct profile measurement	Car with laser device and calculators	Straightforward, efficient	High cost of operation and maintenance
GMR profilometer	Indirect profile measurement	LVDT, accelerometer, potentiometer, and a van	Convenient, efficient	Precise instrument required, high cost of operation and maintenance