A Hybrid Approach to Solve a Model of Closed-Loop Supply Chain

Table 1

Coding of literature review.

Type of network		Modeling
Forward logistic	F	Continuous
Reverse logistic	R	Continuous approximation	CA
Closed loop	C	Discrete
Layers of network		Mixed integer linear programming	MILP
Forward logistic stage		Mixed integer nonlinear programming	MINLP
Supplier centers	SC	Stochastic mixed integer programming	SMIP
Manufacturing centers	MC	Fuzzy mixed integer programming	FMIP
Distribution centers	DC	Probabilistic mixed integer linear programming	PMILP
Reverse logistic stage		Combined continuous and discrete
Redistribution centers	RDC	Combined continuous and mixed integer programming	CMIP
Recycling centers	RyC	Objective of model
Collection/inspection centers	CIC	Cost	Co
Disposal centers	DsC	Profit	Pr
Recovery centers	RoC	Quality	Qu
Disassembly center	DaC	Environmental impact	EI
Processing center	PrC	Social impact	SI
Returning center	RC	Flexibility	Fle
Remanufacturing centers	RMC	Service level	SL
Feature of model		Tardiness	Td
Product		Defect rate	DR
Single product	SP	Importance of external suppliers	IES
Multiproduct	MP	Capacity utilization	CU
Period		Solution methodology
Multiperiod	MPr	Exact (small sizes)	Ex
Single period	SPr	Lagrangian relaxation-based	LR
Demand		Metaheuristic	MH
Deterministic	D	Interactive fuzzy solution approach	IF
Stochastic	S	-constraint method	EC
Fuzzy	Fu	Other heuristics	H
Random	Ra
Facility capacity
Capacitated	Ca
Uncapacitated	UCa