A Novel Nonlinear Optimal Control Approach for the Dynamic Process of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle Equipped with Electromechanical Transmission

Table 2

Comparison analysis of the control effects.

Cost function	Rule-based	OPDC	Improvement
/kwh	22.71	16.15	28.9%
/kwh	3.6	1.89	47.5%
/L	13.45	10.88	19.1%