An ELM Based Online Soft Sensing Approach for Alumina Concentration Detection

Table 1

Simulation alumina concentration results of three models.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Actual value (%)	1.94	2.37	2.03	1.95	2.16	2.02	1.99	1.94	2.64	2.94
Output of ELM (%)	1.8164	2.0641	2.0739	2.1544	1.9423	1.9065	1.9166	2.047	2.6761	2.6443
Output of BP (%)	1.7551	2.015	1.9953	2.4558	1.9594	1.9047	1.9510	2.0183	3.0956	2.9993
Output of SVM (%)	1.9176	2.003	2.006	2.0917	1.8828	1.8834	1.8979	1.8833	2.301	2.3042