Research Article
Four-Node Generalized Conforming Membrane Elements with Drilling DOFs Using Quadrilateral Area Coordinate Methods
Table 2
List of element models for comparison.
| Number | | Element model | Reference |
| 1 | Q4 | 4-node isoparametric element | | 2 | Q6 | 4-node isoparametric element with internal parameters | Wilson et al. [55] | 3 | QM6 | 4-node isoparametric element with internal parameters | Taylor et al. [56] | 4 | P-S | Hybrid stress element |
Pian and Sumihara [57] | 5 | QUAD4 | 4-node element in MSC/NASTRAN |
MacNeal and Harder [32] | 6 | Q4S | Membrane element with drilling DOFs |
MacNeal and Harder [8] | 7 | GQ12 | Membrane element with drilling DOFs |
Long and Xu [23] | 8 | GQ12M8 | Membrane element with drilling DOFs |
Long and Xu [23] | 10 | D-type | Membrane element with drilling DOFs |
Ibrahimbegovic et al. [11] | 11 | Groenwold1995 | Membrane element with drilling DOFs |
Groenwold and Stander [58] | 12 | AQR8 | Membrane element with drilling DOFs | Aminpour [59] | 13 | RGD20 | Refined hybrid element |
Chen and Cheung [60] | 14 | Q8 | 8-node isoparametric element | |
|
|