Research Article

Reliability-Based Topology Optimization Using Stochastic Response Surface Method with Sparse Grid Design

Table 7

Comparison of topology optimization design results.

ApproachVolume/volume fraction (mm2)/%Reliability index (β)Computing time (s)Design point
/W/(mm·K)/W/mm2

DTO1112.7409/17.39144.75
PMA1551.0111/24.233.0032697.550.3321.25 × 10−3
SORA1551.0111/24.233.003400.450.3321.25 × 10−3