Research Article
Bilevel Programming Model of Private Capital Investment in Urban Public Transportation: Case Study of Jinan City
Table 1
Differences in profits with and without considering passenger value.
| ā | Not considering passenger value | Considering passenger value |
| Benefits of private capital company | Ticket fare | Ticket fare | Profits of cash flow in accounts (bank interest) | Profits of cash flow in accounts (investment profit) | Advertisement profits (bus body and platform ads) | Advertisement profits (bus body and platform ads, e-commerce ads) | Government subsidies | Government subsidies |
| Costs of private capital company | Fixed cost (including the involvement fees) | Fixed cost (including the involvement fees) | Variable cost | Variable cost, returns to passengers |
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