Short-Term Wind Speed Forecasting Study and Its Application Using a Hybrid Model Optimized by Cuckoo Search

Table 3

Optimized results of PSVR in three cases.

Site	Month	Forecasted results
			PSVR	GA-PSVR	PSO-PSVR	CS-PSVR
Jiling Shoal	January	MAE	0.6551	0.6716	0.6504	0.6597
		MSE	0.9613	0.9578	0.9618	0.9597
		MAPE (%)	12.88	14.79	13.23	13.21
		SMPAE (%)	12.15	12.49	12.16	12.18
	April	MAE	0.4947	0.4963	0.4961	0.4967
		MSE	0.6705	0.6740	0.6742	0.6737
		MAPE (%)	7.79	7.85	7.86	7.84
		SMPAE (%)	7.96	8.02	8.03	8.02
	July	MAE	0.7653	0.7648	0.7653	0.7619
		MSE	1.1431	1.1432	1.1424	1.1430
		MAPE (%)	11.58	11.58	11.57	11.53
		SMPAE (%)	11.86	11.86	11.85	11.82
	October	MAE	0.5128	0.5095	0.5104	0.5062
		MSE	0.6811	0.6791	0.6806	0.6743
		MAPE (%)	10.16	10.12	10.15	10.06
		SMPAE (%)	9.97	9.94	9.99	9.86
Qingtu Lake	January	MAE	0.6271	0.6271	0.6315	0.6259
		MSE	0.8969	0.8962	0.9013	0.8967
		MAPE (%)	15.68	15.68	15.79	15.67
		SMPAE (%)	14.64	14.64	14.76	14.59
	April	MAE	0.7455	0.7544	0.7410	0.7447
		MSE	1.0827	1.0893	1.0717	1.0812
		MAPE (%)	20.16	20.18	20.11	20.14
		SMPAE (%)	19.11	19.39	18.82	19.06
	July	MAE	0.7418	0.7431	0.7467	0.7392
		MSE	1.1144	1.1266	1.1291	1.1004
		MAPE (%)	17.60	17.72	17.93	17.50
		SMPAE (%)	15.69	15.71	15.84	15.70
	October	MAE	0.5336	0.5344	0.5299	0.5295
		MSE	0.7436	0.7425	0.7379	0.7360
		MAPE (%)	12.02	12.07	11.99	11.93
		SMPAE (%)	11.47	11.49	11.43	11.39
NSW	January	MAE	1.3921	1.4439	1.4459	1.3001
		MSE	2.0616	2.0178	1.9080	1.8034
		MAPE (%)	5.63	6.05	6.04	5.34
		SMPAE (%)	5.71	6.09	6.06	5.38
	Total		7	2	6	21