Robust Head Pose Estimation Using a 3D Morphable Model

Table 2

The results of the 3D MAM [17], the 3DMM [19], and our proposed approach.

(a) Mean, standard deviation, median, and upper and lower quartile of the absolute error of yaw angle, on the BU-3DFE database

USF Human ID	Absolute error °
	Mean	Std	Median	Q25	Q75
3D MAM	4.30	3.51	3.35	1.71	6.08
BU-3DFE	Mean	Std	Median	Q25	Q75
Our approach	3.28	4.21	2.65	1.25	4.69

(b) Mean, standard deviation, median, and upper and lower quartile of the absolute error of yaw angle, on the FacePix database

FacePix	Absolute error °
	Mean	Std	Median	Q25	Q75
3DMM	4.89	3.15	4.48	2.15	7.06
3D-MAM	6.29	4.15	4.62	2.30	8.57
Our approach	4.63	4.91	3.82	1.43	6.59