Improved Genetic Algorithm with Gene Recombination for Bus Crew-Scheduling Problem

Figure 4

Illustration of a shift at the head of cross point divided into two segments for different situations: (a) and , (b) and , (c) and , and (d) gene removal strategy. Exchanged part of is above the nonexchanged part and the value of gene is equal to .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)