Novel Encoding and Routing Balance Insertion Based Particle Swarm Optimization with Application to Optimal CVRP Depot Location Determination

Table 5

Improvement of the proposed scheme.

Instance	Default	Determined depot		Improvement
	Min. Fit	Min. Fit	Avg. Fit	Min. Imp	Avg. Imp
A-n32-k5	784	660	660	19%	19%
A-n33-k5	661	627	632	5%	5%
A-n36-k5	799	685	696	17%	15%
A-n45-k6	944	842	931	4%	1%
A-n45-k7	1146	829	864	38%	33%
A-n55-k9	1073	1063	1078	1%	0%
A-n60-k9	1408	1096	1118	28%	26%
A-n62-k8	1315	1187	1098	19%	18%
A-n64-k9	1177	1140	1081	33%	30%
Average				18%	16%