An Improved Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization with Differential Learning and Its Application

Table 1

Details of numerical benchmarks used.

Function	Formula	Range	Optima
Sphere			0
Quadric			0
Sum square			0
Zakharov			0
Rosenbrock			0
Ackley			0
Rastrigin			0
Weierstrass			0
Griewank			0
Schwefel			0
Rotated sum square			0
Rotated Zakharov			0
Rotated Rosenbrock			0
Rotated Ackley			0
Rotated Rastrigin			0
Rotated Weierstrass			0
Rotated Griewank			0
Rotated Schwefel			0
Shifted sphere	:		o
Shifted Schwefel’s Problem 2.21	: the  shifted  global  optimum		o
Shifted Rosenbrock	: the  shifted  global  optimum		o
Shifted Rastrigin	: the  shifted  global  optimum		o
Shifted Griewank	: the  shifted  global  optimum		o
Shifted Ackley	: the  shifted  global  optimum		o