A New Hybrid Model Based on Data Preprocessing and an Intelligent Optimization Algorithm for Electrical Power System Forecasting

Table 5

Comparison of other metaheuristics with MFA in the aspect of MAPE, MAE, MSE, and MPE.

	AFSA	FA	GA	CA	ACA	PSO	SA	MFA
Short-term wind speed time series
MAPE (%)	7.21%	7.35%	7.08%	7.53%	6.92%	7.83%	7.16%	6.62%
MAE	0.739	0.881	0.926	0.765	0.538	0.559	0.619	0.520
MSE	0.662	0.619	0.538	0.482	0.561	0.722	0.491	0.472
MPE	8.65%	7.58%	7.74%	9.62%	7.35%	8.56%	9.78%	6.73%
Electrical load time series
MAPE (%)	3.10%	3.28%	2.88%	3.17%	3.24%	2.98%	3.23%	2.97%
MAE	118.623	115.228	101.354	128.095	137.342	117.908	123.659	103.090
MSE (10^4)	2.983	2.991	2.315	2.442	2.187	2.099	2.679	2.014
MPE	3.42%	3.76%	3.29%	3.66%	4.01%	3.59%	3.87%	3.33%
Electricity price time series
MAPE (%)	9.87%	9.63%	9.42%	8.81%	9.28%	9.10%	8.90%	8.75%
MAE	4.218	4.442	3.917	4.258	4.937	5.018	4.005	3.894
MSE	100.235	78.096	121.305	100.266	76.302	66.675	98.376	57.025
MPE	11.26%	10.37%	12.83%	9.90%	11.24%	10.76%	10.45%	9.55%