Research Article
Empty Container Management at Ports Considering Pollution, Repair Options, and Street-Turns
Table 1
Overview on empirical data that was used for the numerical experiments.
| Data type | Empirical source | Modeling approach |
| Demand/supply | 30.000 container movements in 2012 | Exponential and Poisson distribution | Leasing costs | Market analysis | Range $5–20 daily | Ordering costs | Industry interviews | Range $1–10 per TEU | Holding costs | Industry interviews | Range $1–5 per TEU/day | Emissions | Ecotransit.org/EN 16258 | Weighted average of ordering options | Emission price | Market analysis | Range $0–20 per ton | Repair distribution | Industry interviews | Poisson distribution | Repair price | Market analysis | Range $50–300 per TEU | Street-turns | Industry interviews | Range 0–20% of import TEU |
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