Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Crankshaft Structure Based on Cooptimization and Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm

Table 3

Design variables and optimization results.

Variables and response	Initialization	Upper bound	Lower bound	Deterministic optimal results	Reliability optimal results
/mm	8.0	9.5	7.5	7.5	7.76
/mm	16.0	18.0	14.0	17.9	16.9
/mm	40.0	50.0	30.0	49.9	48.1
/mm	40.0	50.0	30.0	49.9	46.3
/mm	65.0	75.0	55.0	71.0	55.2
/kg	846	—	—	838.8	840.1