Sequential Parameter Identification of Fractional-Order Duffing System Based on Differential Evolution Algorithm

Table 2

Average value and cost time comparison of the calculation results of SDE, SPSO, and DE (without noise).

True values		SDE	SPSO	DE
	0.96	0.960000000000001	0.960000000000001	0.906261312663094
	1	1.000000000000000	1.000000000000000	0.999794594584971
	1	1.000000000000000	1.000000000000000	1.012465240090026
	1	1.000000000000000	1.000000000000000	1.016663593275141
	1	1.000000000000000	1.000000000000000	1.013125743617082
	1	1.000000000000000	1.000000000000000	1.165684838310568
Cost time (seconds)		109	5015	244