Semifragile Speech Watermarking Based on Least Significant Bit Replacement of Line Spectral Frequencies

Table 1

Comparison of different semifragile watermarking techniques in terms of their time, BER, SNR, and capacity.

Watermark techniques	BER (%)	Speech SNR (dB)	Capacity (bps)	Total time (s)
Semifragile LSF-LSBR	0.5032	47.32	33.33–50	321
DWPT-QIM [9]	0.4367	43.39	31.25–1000	232
AbS [3]	0.4780	28.08	33.33–50	309
LSF [7, 10]	0.5127	30.32	33.33–50	298
DT-CWT [11]	0.1367	31.36	15.66–976.56	351
Genetic algorithm [12]	0.4513	29.30	N/A	411