Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Model Uncertainty in Predicting Soil Nail Loads Using Default and Modified FHWA Simplified Methods
Table 2
Summary of measured lower and upper bounds of nail load reported in the source documents [6–8] at each measurement point and the corresponding using the default FHWA simplified nail load model.
Wall
Nail
Censored [lower bound, upper bound] (kN)
Predicted (kN)
Point 1
Point 2
Point 3
Point 4
Point 5
W1
1
[]
[30.9, 61.9]
[38.7, 70.8]
[31.3, 62.3]
[24.7, 50.6]
38.4
2
[18.9, 40.5]
[25.8, 51.7]
[24.7, 51.3]
[41.2, 71.8]
[23.5, 50.9]
42.3
3
[29.8, 61.6]
[30.3, 62.5]
[34.4, 65.9]
[34.6, 66.8]
[24.8, 51.6]
42.3
4
[28.5, 58.2]
[33.9, 64.0]
[40.0, 70.9]
[39.6, 70.8]
[35.1, 67.4]
42.3
5
[9.9, 23.3]
[20.4, 37.7]
[25.8, 48.9]
[27.9, 51.1]
[20.7, 39.8]
28.8
W2
1
[0.5, 1.4]
[5.7, 12.4]
[12.1, 24.6]
[13.9, 27.3]
—
34.8
2
[12.1, 26.2]
[31.7, 62.6]
[8.8, 16.3]
[20.1, 38.6]
—
41.2
3
[27.7, 57.7]
[21.4, 43.5]
[19.9, 41.5]
[25.1, 51.9]
—
41.2
4
[40.2, 71.2]
[37.7, 68.6]
[36.3, 67.5]
[31.3, 63.1]
—
41.2
5
[13.8, 28.7]
[21.8, 40.0]
[23.6, 44.6]
[16.2, 29.6]
—
34.3
W3
1
[24.1, 81.4]
[40.4, 123.1]
[49.0, 144.9]
[44.3, 133.7]
[34.2, 100.4]
140
2
[61.3, 172.9]
[141.4, 249.6]
[60.6, 164.5]
[67.4, 172.4]
[54.4, 159.5]
171
3
[54.4, 159.4]
[111.9, 209.3]
[140.7, 234.8]
[48.1, 131.2]
[27.6, 85.6]
171
4
[42.2, 119.2]
[33.1, 90.6]
[31.8, 87.1]
[24.0, 69.6]
—
153.8
5
[3.6, 6.9]
[7.4, 30.8]
[7.1, 28.0]
[10.9, 28.5]
—
72.4
W4
1
[19.1, 43.5]
[27.5, 62.0]
[30.7, 65.2]
[35.9, 70.0]
[19.6, 47.5]
75.7
2
[12.9, 29.3]
[31.2, 64.7]
[40.5, 74.4]
[34.3, 68.5]
[31.0, 65.5]
78
3
[27.2, 59.0]
[32.9, 66.7]
[33.3, 66.5]
[43.9, 77.7]
[31.7, 68.5]
72.7
W5
1
[11.7, 27.8]
[27.0, 56.2]
[34.8, 61.9]
[26.9, 54.5]
[14.2, 32.7]
78
2
[12.1, 27.5]
[39.7, 66.4]
[58.3, 85.4]
[63.6, 91.9]
[15.4, 37.7]
68.4
3
[16.0, 34.4]
[36.3, 62.8]
[55.7, 83.9]
[39.2, 68.2]
[13.4, 30.5]
56.5
4
[13.0, 26.8]
[39.9, 65.0]
[62.3, 89.1]
[28.5, 55.6]
[9.2, 19.7]
44.6
5
[16.4, 36.3]
[34.3, 60.2]
[10.9, 21.0]
[4.1, 6.6]
[4.2, 8.7]
32.7
W6
1
[3.1, 13.9]
[10.8, 45.5]
[11.1, 48.5]
[10.7, 46.4]
—
40.9
2
[13.4, 55.5]
[9.1, 35.1]
[7.1, 35.1]
[4.3, 21.9]
—
41.5
3
[43.1, 93.2]
[29.1, 76.8]
[16.2, 63.8]
—
—
41.5
4
[13.2, 53.0]
[15.0, 59.3]
[37.4, 84.1]
—
—
41.5
5
[6.4, 31.5]
[17.7, 64.0]
—
—
—
34.2
6
[0.1, 1.5]
[6.7, 26.0]
—
—
—
20.6
W7
1
[16.6, 64.5]
[11.6, 53.3]
[11.7, 53.4]
[4.6, 21.7]
59.5
2
[8.2, 45.7]
[17.1, 64.9]
[11.4, 45.7]
[3.7, 14.3]
65.9
3
[21.7, 68.4]
[22.3, 69.1]
[27.1, 74.6]
—
65.9
4
[15.9, 65.3]
[17.8, 64.7]
[25.3, 72.2]
—
65.9
5
[13.6, 54.3]
[15.2, 57.8]
—
—
39.7
W8
1
[17.1, 86.0]
[30.9, 115.6]
[15.1, 66.6]
[42.0, 127.9]
41.7
2
[12.3, 48.4]
[13.6, 53.0]
[23.7, 104.6]
[16.3, 72.5]
51.8
3
[17.5, 80.2]
[28.5, 112.8]
[23.9, 99.5]
[11.7, 61.9]
51.8
4
[27.9, 110.9]
[18.9, 78.6]
[20.8, 65.3]
[17.8, 75.7]
28.6
5
[11.3, 65.9]
[18.9, 82.7]
[32.4, 118.3]
[28.1, 114.0]
51.8
6
[30.7, 115.9]
[28.9, 112.4]
[13.4, 68.2]
—
51.8
7
[24.8, 106.1]
[13.4, 61.7]
[11.3, 49.7]
[17.4, 70.7]
51.8
8
[4.1, 17.8]
[5.5, 30.6]
[3.7, 14.0]
[16.5, 79.2]
28.8
W9
1
[59.9, 84.3]
[44.0, 68.0]
[21.9, 39.1]
[30.4, 55.1]
45.3
2
[50.6, 76.3]
[43.5, 68.1]
[47.9, 72.9]
[41.5, 66.1]
51.6
3
[25.4, 45.6]
[43.3, 69.8]
[49.1, 75.9]
[5.6, 13.0]
51.6
4
[22.1, 39.4]
[60.1, 85.4]
[41.0, 64.9]
[5.7, 10.7]
51.6
5
[59.7, 83.4]
[14.1, 24.9]
[1.7, 4.2]
[0.4, 1.5]
43.2
6
[7.0, 12.0]
[1.8, 3.2]
[1.9, 2.9]
[1.7, 2.5]
23.8
W10
1
[32.7, 48.2]
[48.7, 66.0]
[59.1, 72.7]
—
67.7
2
[52.1, 70.4]
[43.7, 62.0]
[51.6, 74.5]
—
85.7
3
[134.5, 152.4]
[62.5, 78.6]
[56.8, 74.7]
—
85.7
4
[117.0, 131.3]
[37.8, 52.1]
[13.1, 17.6]
—
60.6
5
[4.3, 7.9]
[34.2, 49.5]
[53.1, 69.4]
—
67.0
6
[220.9, 235.2]
[20.5, 35.8]
[25.6, 41.9]
—
85.7
7
[399.1, 417.3]
[14.9, 28.0]
[7.4, 20.6]
—
85.7
8
[151.7, 167.9]
[14.8, 27.0]
[9.4, 18.5]
—
39.0
Note. Data in italic are used in this study for analyses.
