Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Model Uncertainty in Predicting Soil Nail Loads Using Default and Modified FHWA Simplified Methods

Table 3

Maximum likelihood analysis outcomes for both default and modified FHWA simplified nail load equations expressed as .

Method	Correction factor,		Bias, normal		Bias, lognormal
			mean	COV	mean	COV
Default FHWA simplified method	1	0	1.03	0.281	1.03	0.330
Modified FHWA simplified method	1.76	−0.60	1.00	0.248	1.00	0.283

Note.  m² = 2.25 m² is typical tributary area used to make dimensionless.