Combining Facility Location and Routing Decisions in Sustainable Urban Freight Distribution under Horizontal Collaboration: How Can Shippers Be Benefited?

Table 4

Comparison between extreme solutions for noncollaborative scenario.

Factory	Case	Cost (€)	Emissions; (gCO2)	Job; opportunities	Comparison
F1	C_min	1261	81051	22	Cost increase by 22%; Emissions reduced by 49,98%; Cost increase by 81,21%; social impact improved by 4,55%
	Em_min	1538	40543	22
	Soc_max	2285	138366	23
F2	C_min	620	46102	11	Cost increase by 15 %; Emissions reduced by 67,84%; Cost increase by 15% Social impact improved by 9,09%
	Em_min	713	14826	12
	Soc_max	713	14826	12
F3	C_min	364	24503	4	Cost increase by 37,69%; Emissions reduced by 53,70%; Cost increase by 106,5 %; social impact improved by 25%
	Em_min	501	11345	4
	Soc_max	752	46233	5
Total_NCS	C_min	2245	151656	37	Cost increase by 22,60%; Emissions reduced by 56,01%; Cost increase by 67%; Social impact improved by 8,11%
	Em_min	2752	66714	38
	Soc_max	3750	199425	40