Optimal Design of Submarine Pipelines by a Genetic Algorithm with Embedded On-Bottom Stability Criteria

<div class="floats-full-page floats-full-page-other"><h2>Table 12</h2><div class="floats-full-page-caption"><div>Scenario <span class="nowrap"><svg height="8.39864pt" id="M279" style="vertical-align:-0.04981995pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 6.36303 8.39864" width="6.36303pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z" id="g113-50"></path></g></svg>:</span> parameters of the optimal routes.</div></div><div class="floats-full-page-content"><table class="fixed-width table-group" id="tab12"><tr><td><table class="table"><colgroup><col style="width:15.87em" /><col style="width:7.59em" /><col style="width:7.63em" /><col style="width:7.59em" /><col style="width:7.63em" /></colgroup><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr /></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left" rowspan="2"> </td><td class="align_center" colspan="2">Absolute stability</td><td class="align_center" colspan="2">Absolute + generalized </td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_center">Favoring length</td><td class="align_center">Favoring ballast</td><td class="align_center">Favoring length</td><td class="align_center">Favoring ballast</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr /></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Route length (m)</td><td class="align_center">12,400</td><td class="align_center">15,060</td><td class="align_center">12,403</td><td class="align_center">14,792</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Total ballast weight (kN)</td><td class="align_center">5,208</td><td class="align_center">3,042</td><td class="align_center">4,812</td><td class="align_center">2,647</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Ballast weight per unit length (N/m)</td><td class="align_center"> </td><td class="align_center"> </td><td class="align_center"> </td><td class="align_center"> </td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"> Average</td><td class="align_center">420</td><td class="align_center">202</td><td class="align_center">388</td><td class="align_center">179</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"> Min.</td><td class="align_center">100</td><td class="align_center">0</td><td class="align_center">100</td><td class="align_center">0</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"> Max.</td><td class="align_center">4,500</td><td class="align_center">2,900</td><td class="align_center">4,500</td><td class="align_center">2,500</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr" /></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></div>

Table 12 | Optimal Design of Submarine Pipelines by a Genetic Algorithm with Embedded On-Bottom Stability Criteria

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Table 12: Optimal Design of Submarine Pipelines by a Genetic Algorithm with Embedded On-Bottom Stability Criteria

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Table 12

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