DEM Investigation of Particle-Scale Mechanical Properties of Frozen Soil Based on the Nonlinear Microcontact Model Incorporating Rolling Resistance

<div>Energy evolutions and microcracks propagations under different friction coefficients: (a) boundary energy; (b) bonding energy; (c) strain energy; (d) frictional energy; (e) rolling energy; and (f) kinetic energy.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 20: DEM Investigation of Particle-Scale Mechanical Properties of Frozen Soil Based on the Nonlinear Microcontact Model Incorporating Rolling Resistance 

Figure 20 | DEM Investigation of Particle-Scale Mechanical Properties of Frozen Soil Based on the Nonlinear Microcontact Model Incorporating Rolling Resistance 