Dual-Layer Optimal Dispatching Strategy for Microgrid Energy Management Systems considering Demand Response

<table class="fixed-width table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><colgroup><col style="width:3.33em"/><col style="width:13.91em"/><col style="width:9.59em"/></colgroup><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left"><b>Type</b></td><td class="align_center"><b>Emission coefficient(kg/kW.h)</b></td><td class="align_center"><b>Emission cost($/kg)</b></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">CO<sub>2</sub></td><td class="align_center">0.0016</td><td class="align_center">0.0131</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">SO<sub>2</sub></td><td class="align_center">0.000008</td><td class="align_center">0.9487</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left"> <svg height="11.9479pt" id="M87" style="vertical-align:-3.181499pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.7664 24.3517 11.9479" width="24.3517pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M719 650H483V622C553 619 576 606 581 560C585 532 588 487 588 394V148H585L167 650H20V622C67 618 88 610 109 585C127 562 129 557 129 484V264C129 173 126 124 123 93C118 44 92 31 35 28V0H272V28C204 32 181 44 176 95C173 124 170 172 170 264V515H172L598 -9H629V394C629 487 631 532 635 563C639 606 663 619 719 622V650Z" id="g121-76"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.568,0)"><path d="M381 665C170 665 44 498 44 318C44 125 188 -15 369 -15C552 -15 703 117 703 333C703 534 550 665 381 665ZM359 629C491 629 601 517 601 306C601 114 502 21 390 21C249 21 146 158 146 346S248 629 359 629Z" id="g121-77"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.351,3.132)"><path d="M482 0V30C420 38 407 48 370 103L273 248C308 299 331 332 352 357C387 397 401 404 463 409V439H277V409C318 405 324 400 307 369C290 337 270 307 251 279L194 367C175 396 180 402 220 409V439H18V409C74 401 87 395 117 349L204 213C173 168 147 130 119 95C78 46 67 38 5 30V0H195V30C144 38 143 47 162 79C181 112 202 149 225 181L297 70C314 43 307 35 264 30V0H482Z" id="g58-118"></path></g></svg></td><td class="align_center">0.00044</td><td class="align_center">3.9904</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="3"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Pollution conversion costs and emission factors.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Dual-Layer Optimal Dispatching Strategy for Microgrid Energy Management Systems considering Demand Response 