Development of Accurate Lithium-Ion Battery Model Based on Adaptive Random Disturbance PSO Algorithm

<div>Testing results of the second-order RC model: (a) the measured voltage of the battery and the simulation results of the battery model; (b) simulation errors of the battery model.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 8

Figure 8: Development of Accurate Lithium-Ion Battery Model Based on Adaptive Random Disturbance PSO Algorithm 