An Effective Watermarking Method Based on Energy Averaging in Audio Signals

Table 5

The BER illustrating the robustness of this method compared to [15] under several signal processing attacks.

Music Type	Vocal music		Symphonic music
Attack	Method
	Kang et al. [15]	This work	Kang et al. [15]	This work
MP3 compression (128 kbits/s)	0.16	0.04	0.14	0.05
MP3 compression; (64 kbits/s)	0.21	0.11	0.20	0.11
Low-pass filter; (4 kHz)	0.16	0.09	0.15	0.08
Resampling; (44.1 kHz to 22.05 kHz)	0.06	0.02	0.08	0.07
Resampling; (44.1 kHz to 11.025 kHz)	0.09	0.03	0.11	0.13