Local Negative Base Transform and Image Scrambling

Figure 12

Scrambled images: (a) original image, (b) 6-round 2D Arnold transform, (c) 11-round discrete Baker map, (d) 13-round subaffine transform, (e) 13-round cellular automata transform, (f) 32-round Fibonacci transform, (g) 19-round Hilbert curve transform, (h) 27-round magic cube transform, (i) 3-round 2×2 sampling, (j) 29-round LNBT-1, (k) 32 LNBT-2, and (l) 24-round LNBT-3.

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