Bearing Characteristics of Composite Pile Group Foundations with Long and Short Piles under Lateral Loading in Loess Areas

Figure 7

Relations reflecting the frictional resistance f between the piles and surrounding soil with respect to H for various horizontal loads.

(a) #2 pile (single pile)

(b) #7 pile (single pile)

(c) #5 pile (four-pile group)

(d) #10 pile (four-pile group)

(e) #1 pile (seven-pile group)

(f) #8 pile (seven-pile group)